Lundy is an island in the Bristol Channel of Great Britain, about a third of the way from Devon to the coast of South Wales. It is about 4.5 km long from north to south by 1 km wide, and is the largest island in the Bristol Channel. Lundy gives its name to the one of the British Sea Areas.

History and ownership

Lundy is part of the United Kingdom, and is located administratively in the county of Devon. Lundy has evidence of visitation or occupation from the Neolithic period onward with mesolithic flintwork, bronze age burial mounds, inscribed celtic gravestones, and an early medieval monastry (possibly dedicated to St Elen or St Helen). Historically Lundy was the home of French and other pirates, it passed from aristocratic ownership to private ownership in the 19th century. In 1969 ownership passed to the National Trust. Administratively it is part of Torridge district in the county of .

Transport to Lundy

There is a regular service, operating from Bideford or depending on the state of the tides, and a charter helicopter service from Barnstaple in Devon.

Economy

Tourism and postage stamps are the main parts of Lundy's economy. The Marisco Tavern is located in Lundy village, which used to brew its own beer. Lundy is also used as a site for scientific research, and the south end of the island is operated as a farm. There are two working lighthouses on the island (and one historic disused one), so Trinity House staff also work on the island from time to time.

Lundy stamps

M. C. Harman, owner of the island of Lundy in the early decades of the 20th century issued private coinage and postage stamps for local use. Although the island was ruled as a virtual fiefdom, its owner never claimed to be independent of the United Kingdom, so this can at best be described as a precursor to later territorial.

Birds

Lundy's name is derived from the Norse lunde for the puffins that nest on the island. However, the numbers of these has decreased dramatically in recent years as a consequence of depredations by rats and possibly also as a result of commercial fishing for sand eels, the puffin's principal prey.

As a fairly isolated island on major migration routes, Lundy has a rich bird life and is a popular site for birding. The list of species breeding on the island is long, and the list of those that have been seen on the island much longer. Among the commonest or most visible breeding species are:
Herring Gull, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Kittiwake, Fulmar, Shag, Razorbill, Guillemot, Puffin, Oystercatcher, Skylark, Meadow pipit, Blackbird, Robin, Linnet

Mammals

Lundy is home to an unusual range of mammals, almost all introduced.
They include:
Grey Seal, Sika Deer, Soay Sheep, feral goat, Rabbit; there are an unusual number of melanistic rabbits, Black Rat, Pygmy Shrew
The usual farm animals can be added to this list. There is a distinct Lundy breed of pony.

Plant life

There is one endemic plant species, the Lundy Cabbage. The east side of the island has become overgrown by rhododendrons; constant but unavailing attempts are made to remove them. They are used as a daytime shelter by the sika deer.

Geology

The island is composed of a unique form of granite called Lundyite.

Archaeology

There are archaeological sites on the island including some ancient graves.

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lundy".